![]() The members of such armed groups, therefore, have a hybrid status. Indeed, this would challenge the monopoly on the use of force entrusted to the State by both national and international law. The status of combatant is not recognized by the law of non-international armed conflicts to members of these non-state armed groups. In non-international armed conflicts, official governmental armed forces are opposed to dissident groups in the national armed forces or other non-state armed groups. The customary international humanitarian law applicable to international conflicts now recognizes that “the armed forces of a party to the conflict are made up of all the organized armed forces, groups and units that are under the authority of a commander responsible for the conduct of his subordinates” (Rule 4). This last category includes organized resistance movements and other small armed groups (GCIII Arts. all organized groups and units, as long as these groups and units are under a command that is responsible for the conduct of its subordinates, even if the party to the conflict to which it responds is represented by a government or authority not recognized by an adverse party.the armed forces of a party to the conflict, as well as militias or volunteer corps forming part of such armed forces.the regular armed forces, even one that professes allegiance to a government or authority not recognized by the adverse power.Therefore, a civilian is any individual who is not a member of one of the following groups: ![]() In international armed conflicts, the notion of “member of the armed forces” initially contained in the Third Geneva Convention of 1949 was expanded in 1977 by Additional Protocol I to grant equivalent protection to all those engaged in combat. ![]() Literally, a “civilian person” is any individual who is not a member of armed forces. The civilian is defined in opposition to the combatant. ![]() International humanitarian law is based on the principle of the distinction between civilians (and civilian objects) and combatants (and military objectives). ![]()
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